a. Fakouri C; Jones P. Relaxation Rx: slow stroke back rub. Journal of Gerontological Nursing. 13 (2): 32-35; February 1987.

Positively affects blood pressure, pulse & skin temperature.

b. Curtis M. The use of massage in restoring cardiac rhythm. Nurs Times (England). 90 (38) p. 36-37; September 21-27, 1994.

Reduces heart rate.

c. Meek SS. Effects of slow stroke back massage on relaxation in hospice clients. Image J. Nurs Sch. 25 (1) p. 17-21; Spring 1993.

Enhances relaxation and comfort in hospice clients